Mould can be a nuisance in many homes, particularly in damp and poorly ventilated areas. Not only is it unsightly, but it can also pose health risks, especially for those with allergies or respiratory issues. Therefore, it’s crucial to tackle mould effectively. Here’s a guide on the best ways to remove mould, along with preventative measures to keep it at bay.
Identify mould
Before embarking on the task of removing mould, it’s vital to identify the problem accurately. Mould typically presents itself in various colours and forms, depending on factors like the surface it’s growing on, the level of moisture, and the duration it has been there.
Types of mould
- Black Mould: Often found in bathrooms and damp areas, black mould is toxigenic, meaning it can release harmful toxins if inhaled. It looks like dark black or greenish-black patches and can have a musty, earthy smell.
- Green Mould: This type of mould, which includes Aspergillus and Penicillium, is commonly found on food and walls. It’s less harmful than black mould but can still cause respiratory issues.
- White Mould: Often mistaken for mildew, white mould grows on porous materials like wood and drywall. It can spread deeper into the surface, making it harder to remove.
- Orange or Red Mould: Usually found in showers and bathrooms, this mould is less common and thrives in high moisture areas.
Indicators
- Musty Odours: A persistent musty smell can be a strong indicator of hidden mould.
- Visible Growth: Any discolouration or fuzzy growth on walls, ceilings, or other surfaces.
- Health Symptoms: Unexplained allergic reactions such as sneezing, sore eyes, or a runny nose when indoors.
- Moisture Issues: A history of water problems, such as leaks or condensation, can lead to mould growth.
If you encounter extensive mould growth, or if it’s a type of mould that you can’t identify, it’s wise to seek professional help. Certain types of mould, like Stachybotrys chartarum (black mould), can pose serious health risks and require specific removal techniques. Professionals can conduct mould testing, determine the extent of the problem, and safely remove it.
Ways to remove mould
Vinegar solution
A simple yet powerful solution is using undiluted white vinegar. Armed with a spray bottle, protective gloves, and a scrub brush or cloth, you can tackle mould effectively. Spray the vinegar generously on the mouldy surface and allow it to sit for an hour. This gives the vinegar, mildly acidic, time to break down the mould structures. After an hour, gently scrub the area and then wipe it clean with water. This method is particularly effective on hard surfaces like tiles and glass due to vinegar’s mould-dissolving properties.
Baking soda
For a natural disinfectant approach, baking soda is ideal. Create a paste or solution using a quarter tablespoon of baking soda mixed with water or vinegar. Apply this mixture to the mould, scrub thoroughly, and then rinse off any residue. To prevent future growth, reapply the solution and let it dry. Baking soda not only kills mould but also neutralises the musty odour often associated with it.
Tea Tree Oil solution
Tea tree oil, known for its natural fungicidal properties, is another effective mould treatment. Mix one teaspoon of tea tree oil with a cup of water in a spray bottle. After shaking well, spray it onto the affected surface, let it sit for a few minutes, and then wipe it off with a damp cloth. Tea tree oil not only eliminates mould and mildew but also acts as a natural deodoriser.
Hydrogen peroxide
For a more aggressive approach, 3% hydrogen peroxide can be used. Spray it directly onto the mouldy surface from a spray bottle, let it sit for about 10 minutes, and then scrub the mould away. Hydrogen peroxide is an effective antifungal, antiviral, and antibacterial agent, making it highly effective against mould.
Professional mould removal products
In cases of stubborn mould infestations, commercial mould removal products may be necessary. Select a product appropriate for the affected surface and follow the instructions carefully, typically involving application, waiting, and then scrubbing or wiping away the mould. These products are specifically formulated to tackle tough mould issues and are especially useful for large areas or stubborn infestations.
Preventative measures
Improve ventilation
Proper ventilation is crucial in preventing mould. Ensure that areas prone to moisture, like kitchens and bathrooms, have adequate airflow. This can be achieved by using exhaust fans, opening windows regularly, and ensuring that air vents are not blocked. Good ventilation helps reduce moisture levels, which in turn reduces the likelihood of mould growth.
Control humidity
Maintaining indoor humidity levels below 60% is vital in mould prevention. Using dehumidifiers in damp areas can help control moisture levels. Additionally, simple habits like drying wet surfaces, including walls and windows, can significantly reduce humidity in your home.
Fix leaks promptly
Water leaks are a common cause of mould. It’s important to fix any leaks in plumbing, roofs, or windows as soon as they are detected. Regular inspections for leaks can prevent the accumulation of moisture that leads to mould growth.
Dry wet areas immediately
Any wet areas, from spills to flooding, should be dried within 24 to 48 hours. Prompt action not only prevents mould growth but also limits water damage to your property.
Regular cleaning
Regular cleaning, particularly in high-moisture areas, can prevent the accumulation of mould spores. This includes routine checks and cleaning of hidden areas where mould is likely to grow, such as under sinks or behind appliances.
External Wall Insulation
A significant and often overlooked aspect of preventing mould is external wall insulation. This form of insulation helps regulate the internal temperature of your home, reducing the chances of condensation – a common cause of mould. External wall insulation involves adding a layer of insulation material to the walls, which is then covered with render or cladding. This not only improves thermal performance but also prevents cold spots on walls, which are prime locations for condensation and mould growth. Additionally, well-insulated walls can lead to reduced energy bills and improved comfort within the home. It’s important to consult with a professional to choose the right type of insulation material and ensure that it is installed correctly to prevent any unintended moisture trapping, which could otherwise lead to mould growth.
